A

@: This sign, which is seen on the internet address, means showing the exact location, pointing. It is used to separate the name of the person who has the address in the e-mail address from the part showing the location. It was also used in ancient times as a Latin suffix. Today, it is the trade mark of the internet.

Acceptable Use Policy: Network or organizational rules that allow acceptable uses of the network for Internet access and local use. The most famous example is NSFNet, which does not allow commercial use.

Access: To access, read, or write to information or a device. Access assists the user to create forms and reports.

Account: The part belonging to a certain user, where records of resources used for individual works can be stored. To ensure validity, account owners cannot use their accounts without entering the name and password they have previously registered. Account also refers to customers or partners that include multiple users.

Ad Banner: An advertisement on the Web page that can provide an instant link to the advertisement site. Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB) has determined the standard banner dimensions as 468 pixels wide and 60 pixels high.

Ad Clicks: The name given to users clicking on the name banner many times.

Ad Server: The name given to the program that operates the banners. You can report and follow website usage statistics. By using technology, you can target individuals and guarantee that they will not see the same ad on the same page.

Agents: Software programs that collect information.

Anchor: The 'anchor' used in the active document in HTML files is an illuminated, underlined and clickable object to connect to another site. This object can be a word, a sentence or a picture.

Anonymous FTP: An ftp server that uploads files at the request of any user, not just those with an account.

AOL: America Online is an online business information service that provides email, news, education and entertainment services via a graphical user interface. It is one of many internet access manufacturers. America Online, which has 4.5 million users only in America, not only serves home users, but also provides internet access. There is no organization providing AOL connection in Turkey.

Applet: It is an application program written in Java that allows us to make simple animations on web pages.

Archie: It is a database research device that is required to reach the desired file from thousands of ftp sites. You can search the desired file by name, subject or keyword. The presence of these applications on the websites reduces the use of archiler.

ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency): The US defense department responsible for the development of new technology for military use. ARPA is independent of other conventional military agencies. With a budget of 2 billion dollars, it provides services with 240 personnel. Originally founded in 1958, it has close ties with leading universities and is responsible for the development funding of the Berkeley version of Unix and TCP/IP, as well as creating ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency Computer Network - the foundation of today's Internet).

Attachment (enclosure): The name given to one or more files attached to an e-mail message. The attachment is not in the e-mail text, but the file is transmitted via e-mail. Documents with a dense format such as Word documents can be sent this way. Most popular e-mail programs such as Eudora or Netscape allow attachments. This is easily accomplished by clicking the Attach button, which is usually shown as a paperclip.

ASP Application Service Provider: Application service provider. Sharing of application services based on standard packages by renting.

Asynchronous: Transfer Mode is a transfer method that dynamically allocates bandwidth (traffic generated by file transfer within a certain period of time) using a packet or cell of a certain size. It is known as fast pack.

Attribute: Parameters taken by the controls used in HTML pages. Each parameter adds a new feature to the control. Some parameters take values and some are used as they are.

Authentication: The name given to the authentication of the user ID and password. Like a signature on a letter in a communications system, authentication verifies messages from a particular source.

Avatar: An image or figure representing the actual admin user on a site with many users. The name given to the superuser account is avatar rather than 'root'.


B

B2B (Business to Business): The name given to the sites where companies can access and purchase products. One of its main advantages is to activate transactions between two firms in a relationship.

B2C (Business to Consumer): B2C includes hundreds of e-commerce websites that sell goods directly.

Backbone: A fast line or a serial link that feeds a network with large data capacity. The Internet backbone is a combination of commercial telephone lines, cellular broadcasts, and antenna broadcasts.

Bandwidth: The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies of a broadcast or transmission, measured in Hz. In other words, it corresponds to the amount of information transferred over a network connection.

Baud: It is used to show the amount of bits that the modem sends and receives per second. It is the unit in the information carrying capacity or the signal rate of the measured connection channel.

BBS: Bulletin Board System-Computerized Information Service has been translated into Turkish. It is an electronic bulletin board where users can leave messages. It is the general name of online systems where information is exchanged by connecting via modem. Apart from public message areas, BBS offers file archives, personal e-mail, chat groups and other related facilities.

Berners-Lee: Tim was the inventor of the world-wide-web while working at CERN (Center for European Particle Research) in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1990 he made the original design of the www software. In 1991, he applied his design on the internet.

Beta: Originates from computer and software development and is used as a beta site. It means trial site or trial version.

Binary File: It is a file that contains information that is not in a text format such as graphics, spreadsheet pages, sounds. These types of files are arranged in accordance with the uploader's input format. They are also called machine-coded files.

Bits: The atoms or basis of all computer operating functions and connections. 1 bit is the smallest possible piece of computer information.

Bookmark: The name given to hyperlinks in Web browsers that allow you to directly enter your favorite sites. A Netscape navigator user links to a web page or URL that he or she has stored in a local file for later use.

Boolean Logic: The name given to an information research system that takes information from a computer to classify data by using or combining terms such as and, or or not.

Bot: The term for listening and replying programs on an IRC channel for chat purposes, in that channel's jargon. A software program that performs tasks that can be done on a network database, such as searching websites and sorting newsgroups.

Bounce: It is the situation where your e-mail is not sent. Return of part of sent mail due to an error in delivery.

bps (Bits per second): Online bandwidth is measured in bps. Let's take an example to give you an idea. If you wanted to download the English Oxford dictionary to your computer, which contains about 41.5 million words, how long would it take at different bps speeds?

Over 9600bps-9 hours

14400bps - above 6 hours

56000bps-1.5 hours

Browser: Software that provides connection to the Internet. You are currently on a browser reading this definition from the internet. Browser is a program that enables the transfer and viewing of documents on www. Programs such as Netscape, Mosaic, MS, Internet Explorer that connect to the Internet act as browsers. It provides the connection between servers and sometimes has functions that perform e-mail file transfer operations.

Btw: It is the abbreviation of 'by the way' used in e-mail newsgroup and chat link.

Bug: Error in software program. Debug and bug fix are related words.

Bytes: A group of bits, usually 8 bits, representing the number of pixels displayed on the screen vertically and horizontally.


C

Cache: To speed up internet surfing, browsers store recently used pages on the user's diskette. If the site is visited again, the browsers will display the pages from the floppy disk instead of requesting them back from the server. Thus, you can learn how many times the page has been viewed, and the process becomes easier when you want to re-enter the same page.

Cable Modem: It is a type of modem that allows people to access the internet via cable TV. Compared to the 28.8 kilobyte capacity of telephone line modems, a cable modem can transfer 500 kilobytes of data, but transfer rates may decrease depending on users currently operating on the same cable.

CGI (Common Gateway Interface): It is the interface that allows web browsers to communicate with web servers. Web browsers, via CGI, make forms and document-derived querystrings in HTML understandable to Web servers. It is the mechanism that allows Web servers to connect with code written in Perl, C2, Visual Basic.

Channel : The basic unit of group discussions in chat systems such as IRC(Internet Relay Chat). When someone enters the channel, everything that person keyed in can be read by everyone on the channel. Channels are named with numbers or names starting with the '#' sign. Some important channels are '#initgame', '#hattub', '#report'. In times of universal crisis, '#report' with hundreds of members offers various news services, news summaries and first-hand action news on some topics. There are thousands of channels on the Internet.

Character Entity: Since non-standard characters can also be included in your HTML pages, such characters are written between an '&' and ':'. A form of online interaction where your e-mail can be read and answered by another user at the same time.

Chat: Messages.

Clickable Map: By using this feature of HTML, the user can reach different addresses when he clicks on different parts of a picture. The job, your computer and the browser you use can be the client, the client. In other words, the name given to the client machine connected to a server on the internet.

Client: The one who requests information from the main server terminal

Compression: The process of reducing the size of data so that it can be stored in less space and moved with less bandwidth. This can be achieved with software tools such as WinZip or Stuffit.

Conferecing: It is face-to-face, visual and audio communication via two or more computers on the web. Nowadays, it is impossible to have a simultaneous conversation due to the inconvenience of the lines. Webs are more convenient than BBs in terms of providing this type of communication.

Cookie: A piece of data given to your browser by the Web server to store it in the text of a file for later retrieval. Without cookies, the server would not be able to memorize the Web pages you have visited before.

Compuserve : Commercial information service targeting online company information and market research. Compuserve was one of the first services of this kind. From Compuserve you can connect to many Internet services on a text-based basis. CompuServe is also owned by Spry Inc. also owns the company.

CPM (Cost Per Thousand): Advertising term corresponding to the amount of money or cost associated with a certain portion of the page images.

CRM (Customer Relationship Management): It is a software designed to manage and control relations with customers.

Cyberspace : This word was actually used to describe the virtual environment consisting of sound, image and feeling before the world wide web was designed in the book 'Neuromanser' written by 'William Gibson' in 1984. Today, Cyberspace is used to describe the huge flow of information created by computer networks around the world.


D

DHTML: Programming language based on HTML and Java. It gives web designers more control over their Web sites. It provides interaction with the user without connecting to the server and provides the opportunity to own web pages.

Database: File consisting of the search, extract, join, and other function records of each record. All of the data stored and accessible within a computer system. These can be prepared in the form of a large log so that different users can access the same information and avoid unnecessary duplication and redundancy. Therefore, it takes less space in the data storage area and accelerates the access time. Password and user fields can be set to protect this file.

Dedicated Line: Communication channels that provide continuous connection to two or more addresses. Dedicated lines are private rather than public. They can be rented from a communications company.

Desktop: An on-screen workspace that uses shortcuts and menus on the computer screen to simulate a desktop. It aims to allow users to move images of objects, start and finish operations as if they were working on a real table.

Dialup line: The name given to the temporary connection between two machines by making a call over a telephone line.

Digital certificate : A digital value of the ID card in the RSA system.

DNS (Domain Name System): It is a mechanism used to convert the connected server name to an open internet address. The absence of two or more server names with the same name on the Internet is also due to the DNS system.

Document: The entire content of an HTML file is called a document.

Domain:"One of the main subsections of internet addresses, the last three letters after the last dot. It indicates what type of organization the person is communicating with. military, .org-not-for-profit organization, .net-network "

Domain Names: The name that identifies the website. A domain name must consist of two or more parts separated by dots. A machine can have multiple names, but these addresses all point to the same machine. There may be a domain name even though there is no real computer. This is a method often used by companies that want to have a web page on the internet. The companies that provide this access are generally internet access providers.

Download: Transferring files from one computer to another. This is done with the help of HTTP, FTP and e-mail attachments.

DTD (document type definition): It is a formal SGML specification that includes the structural elements, ornaments and forms that can be used in the document.


E

EAI (Enterprise Application Integration): Business venture to start all IT systems together.

EAM (Enterprise Asset Management): Software for the control and administration of company interests.

EIP (Enterprise Information Portal): It provides universal access using internet technology and other ways, and is also an attempt to gather all information under a single administration.

ERP (Enterprise resource planning): Integrated software for the administration and control of management and accounting functions.

EBooks: Refers to books that are mostly college books and can be read online.

E-Business: It refers to the business that generates income electronically on the Internet.

ECommerce: It is the process of establishing business connections over the network through a computer, selling goods via credit cards, transferring funds, advertising or doing stock market trading online.

E-mail: Any connection system that makes it possible to send electronic letters (messages) from one computer to another, to a group of people at different addresses online.

Emoticon: Another name for smileys. The facial expression of a certain emotion can be represented by text characters. They are characters used to show body language. Emoticons are widely used in e-mail and chat.

Encryption: Data conversion that can only be read by the receiver. This type of data is called cipher. The process of making data readable is also called decryption.

Etailing: Selling goods and services using electronic media and internet technology tools

Ezine: Used to point to electronic prints and magazines.


F

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) : It has been used by software developers to answer questions about software deployment and operation. The FAQ can be found on many Web sites and newsgroups that function alike. To avoid asking the same questions, the most frequently asked questions are listed in a document with their answers. And these answers are easily available when asked to join a newsgroup.

File Compression: "Computer data is made smaller by making it represent the same information. The resulting files in .ZIP, .HQX, .BIN, or executable compressed EXE form become information packages that take up less space on the floppy disk or file, and in less time this information portable."

Finder: "A standard interface for the Macintosh operating system. With it, the user can see the contents of folders, move, copy, delete files, and launch applications. Finder is the first commercially successful graphical user interface."

Flame: The provocative expression of harsh criticism or opinion about something in an e-mail message. Intentionally sent bad e-mail message.

Footer: It is the 'bottom' part of the HTML document. This section usually contains information about the date, producer and document.

Forms: Information is obtained from the user, who starts the Web service in HTML pages, via a Web browser. This information is then evaluated with a special program installed on the server machine. To create forms on web pages, it is necessary to know CGI programming.

Frames: It is the event of showing more than one page on the same screen at the same time in web pages.

FTP: One of the original protocols on the Internet, it is the most used form of sending and receiving data on the Internet. Another internet site is accessed using FTP, and access to the files there is kept as much as the 'site administrator' has allowed.

Freeware: Free software available. It is possible to use these programs without any payment. The sale of the program is only possible if permission is granted. Distribution is free.


G

Gateway  It is a computer system that provides information exchange through opposing networks using different protocols. It is the name given to devices or programs that transfer data between networks with the same functions but in different structures. Such as mail gateway, router, protocol converter.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) : It is a graphic format scanned by Compuserve to compress graphic files and thus save data transfer time. It is frequently used in web documents. GIF files can display images in 256 colors and have a complementary feature.

GIF animation : A variation of the GIF format. It allows the pictures to be seen and manipulated, respectively.

Gopher: A program developed at the University of Minnesota. It shows the data on internet servers and provides an easier access. Many Web browsers can access gopher sites. It provides access to the materials in different menus without using hypertext on the internet.

Gopherspace: Represents all gopher sites on the Internet.

Groupware: Programs designed for a group of people working on the same information in the same building, room or network.


H

Hacker: A person who has sufficient knowledge in computer and telecommunications operation but uses this knowledge for malicious purposes.

HDML (Hand Device Markup Language): A simple programming language used to describe Hypertext-like content and applications in handheld devices

Heading: It is the region where the title of the article and general descriptions are usually found in HTML documents.

Helper Application: This term refers to software programs that work with browser programs to activate additional functions as well. …for example, Shockwave is best suited for monitoring and uploading moving objects, while Real Audio is best suited for listening to music online.

History List: Many browsers have a submenu that shows the addresses you have visited recently. So you can go back to the session you last browsed. The same mechanism helps the servers re-enter any site you have visited before.

Hit: Indicates a single file downloaded from web servers. Every time a Web server sends a file to the browser, this file is saved in a file called 'server log file' as the last time it was connected. Webmasters use hits to measure the server's workspace. Because page designs differ greatly from each other. Hit accounts are a good measure of site visit traffic.

Home Page: The first page of the first hypertext document or Web site. This page greets you, announces the purpose of the site, announces the sponsoring organization, and then links to the lower level site pages. It is known in the world as a grabber. If your home page loads very slowly, is not open and does not attract attention, you will lose your customers. The home page is a kind of warehouse entry and should be made interesting.

Host: The host in the system of terminals and computers connected by the communication network.

Host Name: The host name shows how your computer is known on the network. Domain name is translated to the internet address via the system or resolver, NIS the/etc/hosts file.

Hot Java : A new Java powered web browser designed as an alternative to Mosaic-type web browsers designed by Sun MicroSystems. …designed specifically for those who want to develop 'interactive' web pages, this browser is not yet finished.

HotLists: It is called favorite folder in Microsoft internet explorer. They are menus containing new and popular sites. A list of frequently accessed sections, such as Web pages in a user-selectable Web browser.

HTML: HTML is a programming language that displays the appearance of a Web page.

HTTP (Hypertext Transport Protocol): In the early days of the Internet, many different software programs were used and it became a label in http. It has been the most common of those used by www in this protocol. However, http:// is no longer needed, and a connection can be established without typing this abbreviation.

Hyperlink: It is a link that can move the user from the same page to another page or to another place on the same page, which has the feature of illuminated, underlined and clickable in the text or graphics on the web page.

Hypermedia Hypertext: all kinds of information such as data, text, graphics, video and audio can be connected together in the system and the user can easily switch from one to the other.

Hypertext: It is a text writing and display system. Provides links to related documents.


I

Icon :"Function or system resource in graphical interface, small, pictorial, on-screen display of application and data file. Software chosen by the user to perform the desired function; symbolic images of processes."

IMAP: A method of accessing messages and e-mails stored on the mail server.

Impressions: Refers to name banner repeats seen and loaded by web users.

Information superhighway: It includes the Internet and its infrastructure, private networks, and online services.

Infopreneur: A person who starts a job in information technology or online communications.

Interactivity: If your website is not interacting, it is dead. Intranets can earn more money online because of its speedup.

Internet: It is an international computer and information communication network, which has emerged as a result of the beginning of computer networks in the world with each other, without any limitations and administrators. Millions of commercial, educational, government and personal computers are interconnected by telephone, cable TV, fiber optic lines, microwave and satellite signals.

Intranet: a private network in an institution or company that uses technology to share resources and information among its employees.

IP address : A 32-bit address defined by the Internet protocol. The IP address has a network component and a service unit component.

IRC (Internet Relay Chat): A chat line protocol that allows many people in different parts of the world to chat in real time. Chat or forums occur with buttons and are a popular consumption area of the internet.

ISDN (Integrated Digital Services Network): It allows digital voice, data and video signals to be carried on the same circuits. It is the high-speed transmission of simultaneous voice, data and video information over several channels.


J

Java :  It is an easy, secure, object-oriented and powerful computer program for deficiencies of HTML. This language can be viewed with Netscape 4.0 or Sun Systems' HotJava web browser. Also, there is no need for a compiler.

Javascript: It is a writing language for web pages. This article provides the possibility to equip the web page with interesting elements.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): A graphic format. It is a format that has a high resolution and a large number of colors and can compress and store still graphics at a high rate. This format uses tolerance ratios when compressing graphic files. These ratios indicate the degree of closeness of the file to reality.

 

K

Keyword :Word or phrase used for online research.

Kbps : The standard modem speed measured in bits transferred per second.


L

Lag :The amount of time between online request and response.

LAN (Local Area Network): This locality can represent a certain area, as well as a single floor or building.

Link: HTML links on the web page that can send you to another location, to another file or service on the same service.

Listserver: Free software for automatic distribution and management of files in mailing lists. It was first launched on Bitnet. There are lists for correspondence on a wide variety of topics. Some lists are open and some are closed. Any person on the open list can send a message to anyone. In closed lists, certain people can message each other.

Load: Transfer of files or software from one computer or server to another computer or server. In other words, online information flow.

Login: The name or identity used to enter the computer, network or site.

Lurker: A person who visits an online community where he or she can read other people's mail, even though he or she cannot send a message.


M

Macintosh: Personal computers manufactured by Apple computer. It is widely used in desktop printing, education and graphics applications.

Mailing List: An automatically distributed e-mail mailing list on certain topics to certain individuals. You can sign up for the mailing list by sending a message via e-mail.

MailBomb: Filling the e-mail account of the person with mail and sometimes attachments, which may cause the server to decrease.

Management Service Providers: Companies that provide registration services and applications over the internet to run the information technology infrastructure.

Media Tool: Tools that enhance computers and online use, including audio, video, and chat among others.

Megabyte: One million bytes and one thousand kilobytes.

Multimedia: Combination of sound, graphics, animation and video. In the computer world, multimedia is a subgroup of hypermedia that combines these elements with hypertext.

MIME: Multi-purpose internet mail metrics. It is an e-mail protocol that provides the transfer of files written in graphics, audio, video and binary code system.

Modem: Short for modulator and demodulator. By converting the signals coming from the computer into analog signals, it makes it possible to be transmitted over the telephone line or converts the signals coming in this way into a form that the computer can use.

Mosaic: NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applications) Developed at the NCSA headquarters at the University of Illinois at Urbana, it is the first Web browser that can run on all Macintosh, Windows and Unix environments.

MP3: Open format that basically makes large music files smaller without degrading their quality. Audio compression format. It makes quality files that are 10-20 times smaller than music files on a standard CD.

MPEG: A standard method used to compress motion pictures.


N

Navigation Bar: All of the directional tools to guide you into the website.

Netiquette: The label on the net. When you send an e-mail, post an article in a newsgroup, or chat on IRC, you have a great need for netiquette.

Netscape : Netscape Navigator, a product of Netscape company, is based on Mosaic developed by NCSA. It is the most popular Web browser. It also markets software for those who want to buy a Netscape Communications Web server.

Newsgroup: Online discussion groups that interact on specific topics. There are thousands of newsgroups on every subject. Many are communities of professional communication and are a rich source of business information.

NNTP (Network news transfer protocol): The name given to the protocol created for the distribution, examination, acquisition and mailing of network news.

Node: Any computer connected to a network

Norton Anti-Virus: A program that scans for viruses before they enter your computer system and claims to destroy them.


O

Offline: It is used for computers that cannot be connected to the Internet.

Online : Indicates the user who is connected to the Internet or the user who has the ability to connect. It has also become a frequently used adjective. Such as online shopping (online shopping), online gaming (online game), online chat (online chat).

OLAP: Online analytical processing-A tool class that can present and extract multidimensional data from different points of view. OLAP functions include trade analysis, data summaries, data transformation for comparative view.

Operating System: Software that manages the capabilities of a computer. It has functions such as operation table, filing, memory management and control comment.


P

Packet : Data unit sent over the communication network

Page view: To see the page layout in notation writing. The number of times a user visits a page containing a particular ad.

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant): the name given to the line of handheld computers. Waves such as Palm pilot and Newtonville are considered PDAs.

PID (Personal Information Destination): There are millions of information pages on the web. But if you are looking for a specific topic, you can find the information you need in just one page or a few. This accessed page or pages are called PIDs.

PING (Packet INnternet Groper): A program used to decide whether an IP address is acceptable or not. It sends a data unit to a certain address and awaits a reply.

Platform: The term used to describe what is loaded into the operating system on the computer. Some common platforms are PC, Macintosh, Unix and NT.

Plug in: A helpful application that you can easily plug into your browser software and make it a part of, increasing its functionality and making internet use more effective.

POP Post Office Protocol: You usually have a POP account when you provide any SLIP, PPP connection. This account allows you to use your e-mail program to send your e-mail. Another expansion of the abbreviation is Point of Presence.

PPP (Point to Point Protocol): The language used to connect telephone lines and modems to the Internet.

Protocol: A set of rules that decide where, when, and how information is carried over the network.

Proxy server: Internet servery that controls client computers to access the Internet. It can prevent company employees from accessing unwanted web addresses, improve performance by hiding web pages locally, and hide the internal network identity so that it is difficult for outsiders to monitor.

Public-Key Encryption Y: Sends secure data over unsecured connections such as the Internet. It can render the data unreadable.

 

Q

Query: Requesting information for a research machine

Quicktime: Various media access for MAC OS and Windows, allowing video and audio formats. It is very suitable for viewing graphics and is a popular browser.

Qwerty : Six letters in the first alphabetical order of the keyboard


R

RFC (Request for Comment): Documents containing the protocol, information and standards that define the Internet. It gives information about the Internet in the finest detail.

Router Router. : A device that enables communication between one network and another.

Remote System: Network or computer that the user accesses via modem, as opposed to local system.


S

Scorm: Sharable Content Object Reference Model

Server: They are the backbone of the Internet, in its simplest form, the computer on the network that stores information and produces services for those who want it. Most servers on the Internet are PCs. In other words, the computer that provides access to the Internet and controls its resources activates the software that operates it.

Shareware: The name given to software that is used for free for a certain period of time, but requires a fee to be paid to the owner of the software when the trial period of the software is over.

SLIP/PPP: Transfer protocols used to connect modems to the internet

Smilies: Graphics called e-motions, keyed into e-mail messages to add emphasis or fun. You can send happiness messages with :-) and sadness messages with :-( signs. Although sent to friends and children, it should not be used in business letters.

Snail Mail : It refers to land and air mail services where it takes days to send the message as opposed to sending the mail within seconds.

Spam: The electronic equivalent of Junk mail. For advertising purposes, many companies send messages promoting their products to many addresses. Such messages that cause the mailing lists to swell are called spam or spam mails.

Splash Page: The name given to sites with more news editions, replacing many home pages.

Spider: The name given to the programs that relentlessly find new Web pages and their links and undergo a kind of update process in order to enlarge the databases of web browsing services.

Sticky: Sites where visitors stay for a long time are called sticky.

Surfing: The beginning of the end of media and the beginning of interaction. Channel surfing is also traveling from one website to another with the help of links.


T

T1: The name given to fiber optic cable connections that transfer the signal structured in the DS-1 format at a speed of 1.544 megabits per second. It is possible to use but expensive in many places.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): These are the standards set for all connections on the Internet. Originally designed for the Unix operating system, it now supports many operating systems.

Telnet: It is a standard internet protocol program that allows one computer to make a terminal connection to another computer remotely.

Throughput: The amount of data that is moved through internet connectors in response to a request.


U

Undernet: An alternative IRC, either regular, public or via chat. It has limited access and is often used for private conversations.

UNIX: A computer operating system that can be used by many people at the same time. It is currently the most widely used operating system for internet servers.

Unique Users: The number of different people visiting the site in a certain time period. To determine this number, Web sites use a user registration or identification system.

Upload: Receiving data from another computer via a direct interface or a modem. A system of thousands of topic-named network newsgroups, computers running protocols, and users writing usenet network news and articles.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Determines the identity of the place you reach on the web.

Usenet: A system of thousands of topic-named network newsgroups, computers running protocols, and users reading network news and writing articles. Not all internet systems are on Usenet, and not all usenet systems are on the internet.


V

Veronica :Developed at the University of Nevada, Veronica (Very easy redent oriented Net-wide Index to computerized Archives) is a huge database containing every single menu item from thousands of gopher services. The constantly updated Veronica database can be found in many gopher menus. Veronica gopher address, which is registered to 99% of the gopher sites on the internet, is the first point of call for searchers.

Viever: Another name for the help application

Virus: A program that copies itself to programs in order to cause harm, associates with these programs, and spreads by patching other programs in the system.

VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language): an online programming language used to create three-dimensional programs.

Visual Basic : It is a great advantage that it is a really flexible language among visual languages, and that any changes can be made on it in a short time. Due to its flexible language, its harmonious working feature is advanced.


W

WAIS: " It is a distributed information service unit on the Internet that recognizes query entries in a simple and natural language, uses indexes for quick access to information, and has a mechanism that ensures that the results of previous searches do not affect subsequent searches."

Webmaster: "The person who undertakes the editorship of a website is called a "Webmaster". The job of the Webmaster is to design the website and maintain its "update and attractiveness". Nowadays, it is very difficult for a single person to do this job. multiple people sustain the website in the spirit of "team".

www :World wide web. Hypertext-based, distributed Internet information system. Users can create hypertext documents, edit and review previously created documents. The request unit and the service unit can provide their programs free of charge. Hypertext-based distributed information system created by the Swiss particle research center (CERN). Users can create, edit and review hypertext documents. It is possible to obtain client and server programs free of charge.


Y

Yellow Pages :They are mostly programmed software. It is the database of address and domain name. Some of these are print publications, some are electronic and some are both print and electronic.


Z

Zip :"A file that has been compressed using PKZIP (smaller file size, but made into an equivalent file) is called a "zip" file. The file extension is ZIP. "

Zine: The name given to magazines and magazines printed digitally, not on paper.

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